Development of an amperometric biosensor that can determine the amount of glucose in the blood using the glucose oxidase enzyme: Preparation of polyaniline–polypyrrole–poly(sodium-4-styrenesulfonate) film

In this study, a new amperometric biosensor was developed for glucose determination. For this purpose, polyaniline–polypyrrole–poly(sodium-4-styrenesulfonate) film was prepared by electropolymerization of aniline and pyrrole with poly(sodium-4-styrenesulfonate) on a platinum plate. The best working conditions of the polyaniline–polypyrrole–poly(sodium-4-styrenesulfonate) film were determined. The glucose oxidase enzyme was immobilized by the entrapment method in polyaniline–polypyrrole–poly(sodium-4-styrenesulfonate) film. Glucose determination was made based on the oxidation of hydrogen peroxide, which is formed as a result of the enzymatic reaction on the surface of the prepared biosensor at +0.40 V. The working range for the glucose determination of the biosensor was determined. The effects of pH and temperature on the response of the glucose biosensor were investigated. The reusability and shelf life of the biosensor were determined. The effects of interference in biological environments on the response of the biosensor were investigated. Glucose determination was made in the biological fluid (blood) with the prepared biosensor. This study has a feature that sheds light on biosensor studies to be developed for the detection of substances in the human body, such as glucose, uric acid, and urea. This article will set an example for future scientific research on the development of a sensor for other biological fluids in the human body, such as the sensor developed for blood samples. In addition, this developed sensor provides an innovation that improves the quality of life of patients by allowing them to constantly monitor their glucose levels and intervene when necessary.