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- MakaleYalnız künye2026Scopus SJRQ2A comparative analysis of the utilization of upper and lower extremity functions in mental chronometry tests in individuals with multiple sclerosis
Şekercan, Gizem; Yetkin, Mehmet Fatih; Karabudak, Rana; Tuncer, Aslı; Salcı, Yeliz
Background: Mental chronometry tests, including upper and lower extremity functions, evaluate the temporal congruence component of motor imagery. This study aimed to compare the utilization of upper and lower extremity functions in mental chronometry tests. Methods: This study included 70 individuals with multiple sclerosis and was designed based on an a priori power analysis. Mental chronometry tests, including the Box and Block Test (BBT) and the Timed Up and Go Test (TUG), were administered, and execution times, motor imagery times, and mental chronometry ratios were compared between the most and least affected extremities. Results: A significant difference was observed in execution times between the most and least affected extremities in BBT (p = 0.001). Similarly, motor imagery times in BBT were significantly different between most and least affected extremities (p = 0.009). However, no significant difference was found in mental chronometry ratio between the most and least affected extremities (p = 0.179). Comparisons between upper and lower extremity tests revealed that the mental chronometry ratio was significantly higher for BBT than for TUG test in both the most affected and least affected extremities (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Individuals with MS showed differences in imagery–execution congruence between upper- and lower-extremity mental chronometry tasks, with higher congruence observed in the upper-extremity task. These findings support a task-specific interpretation of motor imagery performance rather than a generalized advantage of upper-extremity motor imagery. Trial registration: Not applicable. This study was observational and did not involve a clinical trial registration.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2025Scopus SJRQ1Evaluating Motor Imagery Capabilities in Fatigued Versus Non-Fatigued Individuals With Multiple Sclerosis Without Cognitive Impairment
Şekercan, Gizem; Fil, Ayla; Yetkin, Mehmet F.; Karabudak, Rana; Tuncer, Aslı; Salcı, Yeliz
Background: Motor imagery is adversely affected by various factors in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS). However, the impact of MS-related fatigue on motor imagery remains unclear. Our study aimed to compare motor imagery abilities between fatigued and non-fatigued individuals with MS without cognitive impairment. Methods: This study included 73 individuals with MS, with Expanded Disability Status Scale scores from 0 to 4.5. Participants were divided into 2 groups based on Fatigue Severity Scale scores: ≥4 for Fatigued Group and <4 for Non-fatigued Group. Assessment of motor imagery vividness was done through Kinesthetic and Visual Imagery Questionnaire-20 (KVIQ-20). The Box and Block Test (BBT) and the Timed Up and Go (TUG) were employed for the temporal congruence component. Results: The mean ages of the Fatigued Group (30.4 ± 9.2 years) and the Non-fatigued Group (31.5 ± 9.8 years) were similar (P =.650). The fatigued Group exhibited significantly lower kinesthetic imagery scores on the KVIQ-20 (P =.028) and significantly lower performance in the BBT (upper extremities) mental chronometry test for both the most affected and least affected sides of the upper extremities (P =.007 and.028, respectively). Additionally, the Fatigued Group showed significantly lower performance in the TUG (lower extremities) mental chronometry test (P =.006). Conclusion: In fatigued individuals with MS, there is a greater impact on both temporal congruence components and kinesthetic motor imagery abilities. The difference in the temporal congruence component was observed in tests involving both TUG (lower extremities) and BBT (upper extremities), independent of the affected side.
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