Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları

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• Derleme MakaleYalnız künye2026/r/kostu/10867
  Nörolojik Rehabilitasyonda Sanal Gerçeklik Kullanımı ve Etkileri

  Terzi, Rabia; Gülçelik, Gönül Ertunç; Aydoğan, Gamze; Sayma, Ömer

  Nörolojik rehabilitasyon, sinir sistemi hastalıkları veya travmaları sonucunda ortaya çıkan işlevsel kayıpları yönetme ve iyileştirme amacıyla multidisipliner bir yaklaşımla gerçekleştirilen karmaşık bir süreçtir. Nörolojik rehabilitasyon, bireylerin yaşam kalitesini artırmak, bağımsızlıklarını geri kazanmak ve günlük yaşam aktivitelerini en üst düzeye çıkarmak amacıyla uygulanan terapötik yöntemleri içerir. Geleneksel rehabilitasyon teknikleri, hastaların motor, duyu, kognitif ve psikososyal işlevlerini iyileştirmeye yöneliktir, ancak son yıllarda teknolojik gelişmelerin artmasıyla birlikte eğitim, uygulama, değerlendirme gibi birçok alanında kullanabilmesi gibi avantajları olan sanal gerçeklik (Virtual Reality) teknolojilerinin nörolojik rehabilitasyondaki potansiyeli giderek artmıştır. Gerçek zamanlı görsel geri bildirim sağlayan sanal gerçeklik teknolojilerinin nörolojik rehabilitasyon sürecinde hastaların aktif katılımını sağladığı için geleneksel yöntemlerle yapılan uygulamalara katkı sağlamaktadır. Sanal gerçeklik teknolojileri nörolojik hastaların nöroplastisite sürecine katkı sağlayarak, motor ve bilişsel fonksiyonlarını geliştirmekte böylece fonksiyonel kayıpları en aza indirmeye çalışarak yaşam kalitesine katkı sağlamaktadır. Bu derleme; nörolojik rehabilitasyonda sanal gerçeklik uygulamalarının rolünü ve etkisini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Nörolojik rehabilitasyon alanında sanal gerçeklik teknolojileri ile ilgili daha fazla güncel, kanıta dayalı bilimsel araştırmaya ihtiyaç vardır.

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• MakaleYayıncıda açık erişim2026Scopus SJRQ1/r/kostu/10683
  Immersive virtual reality vs. traditional instruction for short-term learning and follow-up outcomes in the Bobath concept: a randomized controlled trial

  Cinarli, Sena; Aydogan, Gamze; Sever, Ebru; Gulcelik, Gönül Ertunc; Atmaca, Halil

  Background: Although virtual reality has increasingly been incorporated into health professions education, its effectiveness for teaching structured neurorehabilitation frameworks within physiotherapy remains insufficiently explored. Purpose: This study aimed to compare immersive virtual reality–based instruction with traditional education by evaluating theoretical knowledge and practical skills at short-term (2 days) and follow-up (2 weeks) assessments following Bobath concept instruction among physiotherapy students. Methods: In this assessor-blinded randomized controlled trial, 20 third-year physiotherapy students (mean age: 21.3 ± 1.1 years) were randomly assigned to immersive virtual reality–based instruction or traditional instruction. Both groups received standardized 45-minute training on postural control strategies within the Bobath concept. Learning outcomes were assessed using a multiple-choice theoretical test and a practical examination at 2 days (short-term) and 2 weeks (follow-up) after instruction. Results: Both groups showed a decrease in theoretical scores from the short-term to the follow-up assessment, with no significant between-group difference in change scores (p = 0.817). In contrast, between-group comparison of practical change scores showed a significant difference favoring the virtual reality group (p = 0.017, r = 0.54), with a median difference of + 15 points (95% CI: +5 to + 30). Within-group analyses indicated a significant decline in the traditional instruction group (p = 0.011, r = 0.81), whereas no significant change was observed in the virtual reality group (p = 0.666, r = 0.14). Practical scores increased by approximately 3% in the virtual reality group but decreased by 17% in the traditional instruction group from short-term to follow-up assessment. Conclusion: These findings suggest that immersive virtual reality may support the preservation of practical performance over time in physiotherapy education and may represent a promising instructional approach for teaching complex neurorehabilitation skills. Clinical trial number: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT07270107 (retrospectively registered on December 8, 2025).

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• Derleme MakaleAçık Erişim2026Scopus SJRQ3/r/kostu/10563
  Acute effect of hippotherapy applied on different sitting surfaces in children with special needs

  Gulcelik, Gonul Ertunc; Sever, Ebru; Atalay, Burak; Dursun, Emirhan; Memisoglu, Irem

  PurposeThis study aimed to assess the acute effects of hippotherapy performed on different seating surfaces on sitting balance and walking speed in children with special needs.Materials and MethodsChildren aged 3-18 years with special needs were included. Participants were assigned to three groups: Group 1 (Saddle), Group 2 (No saddle, direct horse contact), and Group 3 (Saddle with additional texture material). Each group received a 30-min hippotherapy session in a riding arena. Sitting balance was measured with the BeCure balance system, and walking speed was assessed using the 10-meter walk test before and immediately after the session.ResultsNo significant improvement was found in sitting balance in any group after the intervention. However, Group 3 showed increased walking speed compared to Groups 1 and 2. Intergroup comparisons showed no statistically significant differences in sitting balance or walking speed.ConclusionDifferent texture materials used on saddles may provide more noticeable acute effects in hippotherapy. Future research should involve larger sample sizes and explore subacute and long-term outcomes.

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• MakaleYalnız künye2026Scopus SJRQ2/r/kostu/10316
  Relationship of kinesiophobia with pain, disability, and lumbar multifidus muscle morphology in chronic mechanical low back pain: an ultrasonographic cross-sectional study

  Özbek, İlhan Celil; Gulcelik, Gonul Ertunc; Ünlü, Zeliha; Tıkız, Canan; Özduran, Erkan

  Background: Chronic mechanical low back pain (CMLBP) cannot be explained by biomechanical factors alone; psychosocial factors such as kinesiophobia may also relate to structural changes in trunk-stabilizing muscles. Ultrasonography enables objective assessment of lumbar multifidus morphology (anteroposterior [AP] thickness and cross-sectional area [CSA]). Aims: To investigate the relationship between kinesiophobia and lumbar multifidus morphology among those with CMLBP, and to determine whether this relationship is independent of pain intensity, disability, and demographic/anthropometric factors. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 100 patients with CMLBP (≥3 months) were assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK; low <37, high ≥37). Bilateral multifidus AP thickness and CSA were measured ultrasonographically at L4–L5. Group comparisons, correlation, partial correlation, and regression analyses were performed. Results: Mean age was 49.8 ± 12.6 years (68% female); 65% had high kinesiophobia, more frequent among women (76.9% vs. 51.4%, p =.017). The high-TSK group showed higher VAS (6.68 ± 1.98 vs. 5.03 ± 1.71, d = 0.87) and ODI (35.12 ± 15.23 vs. 24.46 ± 11.47, d = 0.76), and smaller multifidus AP thickness and CSA (d = 0.48–0.62). Kinesiophobia scores correlated positively with VAS (r = 0.53) and ODI (r = 0.64), and negatively with multifidus thickness/CSA (r = −0.24 to −0.41). After adjusting for VAS and ODI, the TSK–CSA correlation was markedly attenuated and lost significance (partial r = −0.13 to −0.18, p >.05); after adjusting for age, sex, and BMI, it remained significant (partial r = −0.36 to −0.40, p <.001). Regression confirmed VAS and ODI, but not CSA, as independent predictors of TSK. Conclusions: High kinesiophobia is associated with greater pain, disability, and reduced multifidus morphology among those with CMLBP. However, this morphological association appears largely mediated by pain and disability rather than being independent of them, while remaining unrelated to demographic/anthropometric confounding. These cross-sectional findings support a biopsychosocial framework and warrant longitudinal confirmation.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2025/r/kostu/10904
  Comparison of Fatigue Severity in Individuals with Vestibular Hypofunction

  Kılıç, Gamze; Gülçelik, Gönül Ertunç; Aktürk, Adem; Sever, Ebru

  Aim: The aim is to compare fatigue severity in patients with unilateral and bilateral vestibular hypofunction. Method: Patients with complaints of dizziness and balance were included in the study. The degree and direction of hypofunction of the patients were determined with videonystagmography test. Numerical Pain Scale was used to evaluate fatigue severity. Fatigue severity in patients with unilateral and bilateral vestibular hypofunction (VH) was compared. Results: 100 patients with a mean age of 49.25±14.67 years were included in the study. It was observed that 37% of these patients had Right VH, 30% had Left VH and 33% had Bilateral VH. According to the hypofunction table, the fatigue severity of the groups was 6.57±1.96 in Right VH, 6.79±1.34 in Left VH and 7.51±1.44 in Bilateral VH. When fatigue severity was compared between the groups, no statistical superiority was found (p≥0.05). Conclusion: There is no difference between the fatigue levels in Unilateral and Bilateral VH patients.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2025Scopus SJRQ1/r/kostu/10685
  Virtual reality-based home accident control simulation combined with first aid training to enhance awareness in parents of children with special needs: protocol for a single-group pre-post quasi-experimental study

  Ertunc Gulcelik, Gonul; Ortabag, Tulay; Yilmaz, Sila; Sever, Ebru; Eryigit, Tuba

  Introduction Children with special needs frequently experience accidents and injuries due to motor control difficulties. The most common home accidents include falls, burns, poisoning, drowning and choking. Compared to their typically developing peers, children with special needs are at a higher risk of home accidents and emergency department visits. Falls related to balance impairments are especially common in this population. The aim of this study is to assess the effects of a virtual reality-based home accident control simulation combined with first aid training on the awareness and initial responses to home accidents of parents of children with special needs, using a single-group pre-post quasi-experimental design. Methods and analysis This quasi-experimental study, using a pre-test/post-test design, is planned to include 100 volunteer parents of children with special needs who are registered at a Barrier-Free Life Application and Research Centre. The parents will receive training on home accidents via virtual reality simulation, supplemented by first aid and transfer training. Data will be collected using the Descriptive Information Form and the Home Accident Awareness Questionnaire for Parents of Children with Special Needs. Children’s balance status will be assessed to determine their fall risk using the Children’s Balance Assessment Form, the Tinetti Balance and Gait Assessment and the Nintendo Wii Fit Balance Board. Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Istanbul Topkapi University. The results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals and academic conferences.

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