Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2026/r/kostu/10849
  Evaluation of the Effects of Topical Prostaglandins on the Ocular Surface and Conjunctival Epithelial Thickness by SD-OCT: Case-Control Study

  Türe, Gamze; Güneş, İrfan Botan

  Objective: To evaluate the effect of topical latanoprost and latanoprost timolol combination (LTC) on conjunctival epithelial thickness and ocular surface discomfort in patients with primary open angle glaucoma. Material and Methods: The study included 43 patients in latanoprost group, 32 patients in LTC group, and 39 healthy subjects in control group. Bulbar conjunctival epithelial thickness was measured in all participants using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) with ante rior segment module. Ocular Surface Disease Index® (OSDI®) score, Schirmer’s test with anesthesia and tear break-up time were recorded and compared between groups. Results: Mean conjunctival epithelial thickness was 31.27±3.85 µm in latanoprost group, 34.75±3.38 µm in LTC group and 39.20±4.85 µm in control group. Conjunctival epithelial thickness was sig nificantly lower in both latanoprost and LTC groups compared to control group (p<0.001). Mean conjunctival epithelial thickness was significantly lower in latanoprost group than in LTC group (p=0.001). OSDI® score was 33.02±18.80, 28.92±19.79 and 4.92±7.16 in latanoprost, LTC and control groups, respectively. OSDI® score was significantly higher in both la tanoprost and LTC groups compared to control group (p<0.001). Mean tear break-up time was significantly lower in both latanoprost and LTC groups compared to control group (p<0.001). Schirmer’s level wasn’t significantly different between groups (p=0.640). Conclusion: Use of preservative-con taining latanoprost and LTC reduces conjunctival epithelial thickness and impairs ocular surface discomfort by affecting tear stability. SD-OCT can be used to assess anatomy of conjunctiva and conjunctival epithelium before glaucoma surgery.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2025Scopus SJRQ2/r/kostu/10727
  Evaluation of the effect of subclinical hypothyroidism on retinal blood flow. OCT angiography study

  Gunes, Irfan Botan; Onal, Eda Demir

  Purpose: To evaluate retinal blood flow and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in untreated subclinical hypothyroid patients by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A). Methods: Forty-four eyes of 44 patients in the subclinical hypothyroidism group (SCHG) and 42 eyes of 42 healthy subjects in the control group (CG) were included in the study. Macular superficial retinal blood flow (SRBF), peripapillary RNFL thickness and optic nerve head cup to disk ratio (C/D) were measured and recorded by OCT angiography and compared between the patient and control groups. Correlation analysis between disease duration and SRBF and RNFL thickness was also performed. Results: Mean SRBF was 37.23 ± 2.11 in the SCH group and 38.45±1.20 in the control group. Mean SRBF was significantly lower in the SCH group (p=0.003). Mean Peripapillary RNFL thickness was 98.18±7.77 in the SCH group and 100.07 ± 7.71 in control group. Peripapillary RNFL thickness was not significantly different between groups (p=0.290). There was no significant difference in mean C/D between the groups (p=0.708). Correlation analysis showed a moderate negative correlation between duration of disease diagnosis and SRBF in the SCH group (p<0.001, r=-0.564). There was also a weak to moderate negative correlation between disease duration and RNFL thickness in SCH group (p=0.002, r=-0.489). Conclusions: A reduction in SRBF was observed in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism. Additionally, a negative correlation was identified between disease duration and RNFL thickness. Patients with subclinical hypothyroidism should be monitored for potential retinal vascular disease and the development of normotensive glaucoma.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2025Scopus SJRQ2/r/kostu/10711
  Effects of pulse glucocorticoid treatment on retinal blood flow in patients with active Graves’ orbitopathy

  Mohammadi, Hedayatullah; Güneş, İrfan Botan; Arı, Şeyhmus

  Background: Various studies have shown decreased retinal blood flow in patients with active Graves’ orbitopathy (GO). We investigated whether retinal blood flow returned to normal levels after intravenous glucocorticoid treatment in active GO patients. Methods: Thirty-two eyes of 32 patients with moderate or severe active GO and 32 eyes of 32 healthy participants were included. The blood flow in the superficial plexus (SP), deep retinal plexus (DP), external retinal (ER) capillary plexus and choriocapillaris was measured via OCT-Angiography before treatment with methylprednisolone and one week after the completion of treatment. In addition, central macular thickness, intraocular pressure, and best corrected visual acuity, were compared with those of the control group. Results: Retinal blood flow (RBF) in the macula at SP, DP, ER and choriocapillaris levels was 48.38 ± 2.04, 54.17 ± 3.11, 0.42 ± 0.14 and 2176.45 ± 147.53 in the control group and 45.91 ± 4.56, 51.55 ± 3.84, 0.35 ± 0.34 and 2030.15 ± 132.15 in the active GO group, respectively. The RBF was significantly lower in the active GO group than in the control group at all angiographic levels (p < 0.001). Although blood flow increased after treatment, it remained lower than that in the control group (p < 0.001). The mean CMT was significantly greater in active GO patients before treatment than in the controls and after treatment (p < 0.001). No serious systemic or ocular side effects were observed in any of the patients. Conclusions: After pulse glucocorticoid treatment, retinal blood flow increases but remains low compared with that in the healthy control group.

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  AtıfScopus1·WoS2·OpenAlex1

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2024/r/kostu/10753
  Association Between Eyelid Twitching and Digital Screen Time, Uncorrected Refractive Error, Intraocular Pressure, and Blood Electrolyte Imbalances

  Gunes, Irfan B.

  Introduction: Previous studies have shown that isolated eyelid myokymia (EM) is usually caused by stress, fatigue, and caffeine consumption. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between EM and digital screen time, uncorrected refractive error, intraocular pressure (IOP), and blood electrolyte levels. Methods: Between February 2023 and June 2024, 103 eyes of 103 patients who applied to the ophthalmology outpatient clinic with complaints of eyelid twitching lasting for more than two weeks and 103 eyes of 103 healthy individuals as a control group were included in the study. All participants were asked to record their daily time spent with digital screens for two weeks. Cycloplegic refractive error, IOP, optic nerve head cup/disc (C/D) ratio, and blood calcium, sodium, potassium, and magnesium levels were recorded and compared between the two groups. Results: Mean digital screen time was 4.84 +/- 1.74 hours in the control group and 6.88 +/- 2.01 hours in the EM group. It was found that digital screen time was significantly higher in the EM group compared to the control group (p<0.001). There was a strong positive correlation between the duration of eyelid twitching and the time spent in front of digital screens (p<0.001, r=0.670). There was no significant difference in cycloplegic refractive error, IOP, C/D ratio, and blood electrolyte levels between the two groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: Prolonged digital screen time might play a role in the development of EM. On the other hand, no relationship was found between eyelid twitching and uncorrected refractive error, glaucoma, or blood electrolyte levels.

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  AtıfOpenAlex1

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2024/r/kostu/10941
  Perioküler Bölgeye Kozmetik Amaçlı Botulinum Nörotoksin-A Uygulamasının Kuru Göz Hastalığı ve Oküler Yüzey Konforu Üzerine Etkisi: Olgu Kontrol Çalışması

  Güneş, İrfan Botan

  Amaç: Perioküler bölgeye botulinum nörotoksin-A (BoNT-A) uy- gulamasının oküler yüzey konforu ve fonksiyonel kuru göz test sonuçlar ı üzerine etkisini araştırmak. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya Ağustos 2023- Ocak 2024 tarihleri aras ında göz hastalıkları kliniğimizde kozmetik amaçlı BoNT-A enjeksiyonu yap ılan 38 kuru göz hastas ının 38 gözü ve kontrol grubu olarak kuru göz hastalığı olmayan 39 katılımcının 39 gözü dâhil edildi. Katılımcıların BoNT-A enjeksiyonu öncesi ve enjeksiyon sonrası birinci ayda Schirmer testi, gözya şı kırılma zamanı (GKZ), Oküler Yüzey Hastal ık İn- deksi [Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI ®)] skoru ve en iyi düzeltilmi ş görme keskinliği değerleri kaydedilerek grupların kendi içerisinde karşılaş- tırıldı. Bulgular: Ortalama Schirmer testi sonucu enjeksiyon öncesi ve en- jeksiyon sonrası birinci ayda kuru göz grubunda sırasıyla 6,89±1,66 mm ve 5,60±1,25 mm; kontrol grubunda ise sırasıyla 22,00±7,18 mm ve 20,77±6,15 mm olarak ölçüldü. Schirmer değerinin iki grupta da enjeksiyon sonrasında anlamlı düzeyde azaldığı saptandı (sırasıyla p<0,001, p=0,003). Ortalama GKZ değeri enjeksiyon öncesi ve enjeksiyon sonrasında kuru göz grubunda sırasıyla 8,46±2,51 sn ve 7,35±1,83 sn, kontrol grubunda ise s ırasıyla 14,55±3,57 sn ve 13,77±3,69 sn olarak saptandı. GKZ iki grupta da enjeksi- yon öncesine göre anlaml ı düzeyde dü şük saptand ı (sırasıyla p=0,001, p=0,014). Kuru göz grubunda ortalama OSDI® skoru enjeksiyon sonrasında anlamlı düzeyde artarken kontrol grubunda anlamlı farklılık saptanmadı (sı- rasıyla p=0,006 p=0,701). Sonuç: Perioküler bölgeye yapılan BoNT-A en- jeksiyonu özellikle kuru göz hastalarında oküler yüzey ile ilgili yakınmalarda artışa ve fonksiyonel kuru göz testlerinde kötüle şmeye neden olmaktad ır. Kuru göz hastaları BoNT-A enjeksiyonu öncesi bu konuda bilgilendirilmeli ve gerekli durumlarda kuru göz hastalığı tedavi planı gözden geçirilmelidir.

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• MakaleYalnız künye2024Scopus SJRQ2/r/kostu/10729
  The evaluation of retrobulbar fat tissue in Graves’ orbitopathy with shear-wave ultrasound elastography

  Gunes, Irfan Botan; Yilmaz, Hakan; Onal, Eda Demir

  Purpose: To evaluate retrobulbar adipose tissue of patients with active and inactive Graves’ orbitopathy (GO) by shear-wave ultrasound elastography (SWE). Methods: Followed-up in our ophthalmology clinic due to GO, 72 eyes of 36 patients and 38 eyes of 19 healthy controls were included in this cross-sectional case–control study. Graves’ patients were divided into two subgroups under clinical activity score (CAS): active Graves’ orbitopathy (AGO) (CAS ≥ 3) and inactive Graves’ orbitopathy (IGO) (CAS < 3). SWE measurement values of retrobulbar adipose tissue of all participants were recorded in meters/second, and the intergroup comparisons were performed. Results: Thirty-four eyes of 17 patients in AGO, 38 eyes of 19 patients in IGO, and 38 eyes of 19 participants in the control group were included in the study. Mean values measured from retrobulbar adipose tissue through SWE were 1.00 ± 0.01 m/sec in AGO, 1.16 ± 0.01 m/sec in IGO, and 0.94 ± 0.01 m/sec in the control groups. Even so, the mean SWE value was significantly higher in the IGO group than in the other groups (p < 0.001). Mean SWE values were significantly higher in the AGO group than in the controls (p = 0.008). In the correlation analysis performed, a significant positive correlation was found between SWE and Hertel exophthalmometer measurement values (p = 0.026, r = 0.212), and thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor antibody (TSHR-Ab) levels (p = 0.018, r = 0.224). Conclusion: We detected SWE values of retrobulbar adipose tissue high in GO, especially in the IGO group. Such a situation, which we associated with the development of fibrosis, may be an indicator of unresponsiveness to immunomodulatory treatments.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2024Scopus SJRQ3/r/kostu/10482
  Evaluation of Main Lacrimal Gland through Shear-Wave Ultrasound Elastography in Patients with Low Schirmer Value

  Yılmaz, Hakan; Güneş, İrfan Botan

  Objective: To compare main lacrimal gland values through shear-wave elastography (SWE) in patients with low Schirmer value and unspecified Sjögren's syndrome (SS) with healthy controls. Material and method: Admitted to the ophthalmology department with Schirmer value <10 mm, randomly selected 46 eyes of 46 patients evaluated for Sjögren's syndrome (SS) in the rheumatology department between December 2022 and April 2023 were classified as low Schirmer group (LSG). Randomly selected 48 eyes of 48 patients at a similar age with Schirmer value >10 mm were included as controls. Main lacrimal gland SWE measurements in LSG and control groups were recorded and compared as meter/second (m/sec). Results: Mean SWE values of the main lacrimal gland were measured as 2.78±0.66 m/sec and 2.26±0.29 m/sec in LSG and controls. SWE measurements were significantly higher in LSG patients than in controls (p<0.001). No significant correlation was found in the analysis between the Schirmer and the main lacrimal gland SWE values in LSG patients (p=0.702, r=0.058). No significant correlation was also detected between the Schirmer and main lacrimal gland SWE values in controls (p=0.097, r=0.242). No significant relationship was also found between age, gender, body mass index (BMI), and SWE values (p=0.351, p=0.493, p=0.328, respectively). Conclusion: Mean SWE value of the main lacrimal gland was determined as significantly higher in patients with aqueous lacrimal insufficiency without SS than in controls. We consider that SWE measurements may be an imaging method to support the diagnosis of aqueous lacrimal insufficiency and used in follow-ups of those with dry eye syndrome (DES) in the future.

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  AtıfScopus7·WoS6·OpenAlex5

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2024Scopus SJRQ3/r/kostu/10300
  The association of pre-photorefractive keratectomy Schirmer-1 test value with postoperative corneal epithelial thickness, ocular surface discomfort, and visual acuity

  Güneş, İrfan Botan; Öztürk, Hakan; Özen, Bediz

  PURPOSE: To investigate the association of pre-photorefractive keratectomy Schirmer-1 test value with post-photorefractive keratectomy central corneal epithelial thickness, ocular surface disease index score, and uncorrected distance visual acuity. METHODS: Patients were categorized according to preoperative Schirmer-1 value: the normal Schirmer Group (n=54; Schirmer-1 test value, >10 mm) and the low Schirmer Group (n=52; Schirmer-1 test value, between 6 and 10 mm). We analyzed ablation depth, visual acuity, result of Schirmer-1 test (with anesthesia), tear film break-up time, ocular surface disease index score, central corneal epithelial thickness, and spherical equivalent refraction. RESULTS: We found significant differences between the groups in Schirmer-1 test value, tear film break-up time, and ocular surface disease index score, both preoperatively and postoperatively (p<0.001). The preoperative central corneal epithelial thicknesses of the two groups were similar (p>0.05). After photorefractive keratectomy, the Schirmer-1 test value and spherical equivalent refraction decreased in both groups (p<0.05), and ocular surface disease index scores and central corneal epithelial thickness values increased in the low Schirmer Group (p<0.001) but not in the normal Schirmer Group (p>0.05). The postoperative central corneal epithelial thicknesses of the low Schirmer Group were significantly higher than those of the normal Schirmer Group (p<0.001). Postoperative uncorrected distance visual acuity did not differ significantly between the two groups (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In patients with low Schirmer-1 test values before photorefractive keratectomy, the corneal epithelium thickened and ocular surface complaints increased during the postoperative period. However, changes in the corneal epithelium did not affect the postoperative uncorrected distance visual acuity. To reduce postoperative problems on the ocular surface in these patients, we recommend that dry eye be treated before photorefractive keratectomy.

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  AtıfScopus1·WoS1·OpenAlex1

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2023/r/kostu/10944
  Uzaktan Eğitim Sürecinin 6-13 Yaş Arası Çocuklarda Miyopi Progresyonuna Etkisi: Olgu Kontrol Çalışması

  Yavrum, Fuat; Güneş, İrfan Botan

  Amaç: Koronavirüs hastalığı-2019 [coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19)] pandemisi döneminde, uzaktan eğitim sürecinin çocuk- larda miyopi progresyonuna etkisini araştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntem- ler: Mart 2020-Eylül 2021 tarihleri aras ında, klini ğimizde miyopi nedeni ile takip edilmiş 6-13 yaş arasındaki 144 hastanın 144 gözü pan- demi grubu olarak, Mart 2018-Eylül 2019 tarihleri aras ında yüz yüze eğitim görmüş ve miyopi nedeni ile takip edilmiş aynı yaş grubundaki 134 hastanın 134 gözü kontrol grubu olarak çalışmaya dâhil edildi. Her iki gruptaki hastaların 1 ve 2. muayenelerindeki siklopleji sonrası oto- refraktometri ölçümleri kaydedildi ve sferik e şdeğer değerleri hesap- landı. Kat ılımcıların aç ık alanda ve ekran kar şısında geçirdikleri ortalama süre sorguland ı ve kaydedildi. Ortalama sferik e şdeğer de- ğerlerindeki değişim gruplar arasında ve grupların kendi içerisinde kar- şılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Birinci ölçümde pandemi grubunda ortalama sferik eşdeğer -0,59±1,9 dioptri (D), 2. ölçümde -1,15±2,1 D olarak he- saplandı (p<0,001). Kontrol grubunda 1. ölçümde ortalama sferik e ş- değer -0,61±2,0 D, 2. ölçümde -0,97±2,2 D olarak saptandı (p=0,002). Bir ve 2. ölçüm arasındaki ortalama sferik eşdeğer farkı pandemi gru- bunda -0,56±0,8 D iken, kontrol grubunda -0,36±0,9 D olarak saptandı. Pandemi grubunun ortalama sferik eşdeğerindeki değişim kontrol gru- buna göre anlamlı düzeyde yüksek saptandı (p<0,001). Açık alanda ge- çirilen süre açısından 2 grup arasında anlamlı farklılık olmadığı görüldü (p=0,102). Ekran kar şısında geçirilen süre pandemi grubunda günlük ortalama 5,86±1,8 saat, kontrol grubunda 1,24±0,8 saat olarak saptandı (p<0,001). Sonuç: Çalışmamızda, COVID-19 pandemisi döneminde uygulanan uzaktan eğitim sürecinin çocuklarda miyopi progresyonunu artırdığını saptadık. Gelecekte benzer durumlar yaşanır ise toplum göz sağlığı açısından bu durumun dikkate al ınması gerektiğini düşünüyo- ruz.

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  AtıfOpenAlex1

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2023Scopus SJRQ3/r/kostu/10471
  Does corneal epithelial thickness show the severity of psoriasis? SD-OCT study

  Güneş, İrfan Botan; Aksoy, Berna; Öztürk, Hakan; Yavrum, Fuat; Özen, Bediz

  Background: Previous studies have generally focused on dry eye test abnormalities and ocular involvements such as uveitis, and blepharitis in psoriasis. Psoriasis area severity ındex (PASI), which is used to assess psoriasis severity, is a time-consuming and complex tool. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between disease severity and central corneal epithelial thickness (CCET) in psoriasis. Methods: 175 eyes of 175 psoriasis patients and 57 eyes of 57 healthy individuals as a control group was included in this study. Psoriasis patients were divided into three subgroups according to PASI score as < 10 mild, 10‒20 moderate and > 20 severe. CCET was measured by spectral domain-optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), and mean values were recorded. Mean CCET values were compared between the psoriasis groups and the control group. Additionally, the relationship between PASI score and CCET was examined. Results: The mean CCET value was 58.06 ± 3.1 μm in the mild group, 60.10 ± 5.0 μm in the moderate group, 65.75 ± 6.3 μm in the severe group and 56.16 ± 3.1 μm in the control group. It was determined that the mean CCET value was significantly higher in all psoriasis groups compared to the control group (p < 0.001). The mean CCET value was significantly higher in the moderate psoriasis group than in the mild psoriasis group (p = 0.018), and in the severe psoriasis group compared to the moderate psoriasis group (p < 0.001). There was a strong positive correlation between PASI score and CCET (p < 0.001, r = 0.519). Study limitations: Cross-sectional design and a relatively small number of participants. Conclusions: There is a strong positive correlation between psoriasis severity and CCET. Contactless measurement of CCET by SD-OCT can be an indicator of psoriasis severity.

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