Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları
Yayınlar
- MakaleAçık Erişim2026Longitudinal Magnetic Resonance Imaging Evaluation of Craniofacial Muscle Changes Following Radiotherapy in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Medişoğlu, M.Sabri; Öçbe, Melisa
Aim: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a radiosensitive head and neck malignancy typically arising in the Rosenmüller fossa. Radiotherapy (RT), while effective, is associated with adverse effects such as dysphagia and muscle atrophy. While pharyngeal constrictors have been extensively studied, the impact of RT on masticatory and suprahyoid muscles remains underexplored. This study aimed to quantitatively assess MRI-based changes in the thickness of masticatory and suprahyoid muscles in NPC patients before and 18–24 months after RT and to compare these findings with healthy controls. Material and Methods: MRI data from 31 NPC patients and 50 healthy controls were retrospectively analyzed. Muscle thickness was measured bilaterally on standardized T1- and T2-weighted sequences for the masseter, medial/lateral pterygoid, temporalis, geniohyoid, mylohyoid, digastric (anterior belly), and genioglossus muscles. Statistical analyses included paired and independent t-tests, ANOVA, and Chi-square tests (Python v3.11; p < 0.05). Results: Pre-RT patients showed significantly reduced left masseter thickness compared to controls (p = 0.0022). Post-RT, the masseter and medial pterygoid muscles demonstrated up to 30.61% atrophy (p < 0.00001). Minor, non-significant increases were seen in the lateral pterygoid and digastric muscles. Right-sided tumors showed higher ipsilateral muscle thickness. Genioglossus hypertrophy was observed in bilateral cases. Males had thicker muscles than females, and muscle thickness declined with age. Conclusion: RT leads to significant atrophy in key masticatory muscles in NPC patients. Muscle asymmetry may precede treatment and reflect tumor laterality. MRI-based assessment offers valuable insights.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2026Magnetic resonance imaging of Rosenmüller Fossa morphology in nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Medişoğlu, M.Sabri; Öçbe, Melisa
The Rosenmüller Fossa (RF) is the most common site of origin for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC); however, its morphometric characteristics remain underinvestigated in clinical imaging studies. This study aimed to evaluate the morphological and dimensional differences in the RF between patients with NPC and healthy controls using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A retrospective analysis of MRI data from 41 patients with NPC and 49 age- and sex-matched controls without nasopharyngeal pathology was performed. Measurements included RF height, width, inter-fossa distance, and nasopharyngeal depth on axial and sagittal MR images. RF morphology was classified as Type A (shallow), Type B (deep and narrow), or Type C (deep and wide). The mean age of patients with NPC was 51.22 ± 13.81 years, and 68.29% were men. Tumor laterality was bilateral in 56.10% of the cases, and RF involvement was observed in 70.73% of the cases. No significant differences were found in right RF dimensions or R-L distance (p>0.05); however, left RF height was significantly reduced in patients with NPC (3.49 vs. 5.42 mm; p=0.013). Nasopharyngeal depth was also shorter in patients with NPC (17.40 mm vs. 19.03 mm; p=0.006). The RF morphology distribution did not differ significantly (p=0.381), although Type C fossae were more common in patients with NPC (26.83% vs. 14.29%). MRI revealed significant reductions in the left RF height and nasopharyngeal depth in patients with NPC, suggesting asymmetrical nasopharyngeal involvement. Detailed RF assessment using MRI may contribute to the early detection and improved staging of NPC.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2026Quantitative assessment of uvula dimensions, airway space, and pharyngeal bursa in children with and without adenoid hypertrophy
Öçbe, Melisa; Gözüyukarı, Hilal; Akçay, Hülya
This study aimed to investigate the association between adenoid hypertrophy (AH) and upper airway morphology in pediatric patients, with a specific focus on uvula dimensions, pharyngeal bursa characteristics, and nasopharyngeal airway space using sagittal and axial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In this retrospective cross-sectional study, MRI scans of 104 pediatric patients aged 1–18 years were analyzed. Uvula height and width, pharyngeal bursa height and width, and the nasopharyngeal airway distance (from the posterior nasal spine to the posterior pharyngeal wall) were measured using calibrated DICOM software. Patients were grouped based on the presence of AH, and anatomical measurements were compared accordingly. Correlations with age and sex were also assessed. Statistical analysis included t-tests, ANOVA, chi-square tests, and Pearson correlation. Children with AH had significantly reduced nasopharyngeal airway space compared to those without AH (mean: 12.05 mm vs. 16.71 mm, p<0.001). No significant differences were observed in uvula or bursa dimensions across groups. A strong correlation was found between uvula height and width (r=0.66), and both increased significantly with age. Males showed greater pharyngeal bursa height than females (p=0.001), while bursa width did not differ significantly by sex. MRI is a valuable non-invasive tool for evaluating pediatric airway anatomy. While AH is associated with airway narrowing, it does not appear to affect uvula or bursa characteristics. Pediatric dentists should consider comprehensive airway assessments, as early detection of obstruction can impact craniofacial development and treatment planning.
- MakaleYayıncıda açık erişim2026Scopus SJRQ2Evaluation of the pterygoid process pneumatization and sclerosis with Vidian canal morphology using computed tomography: a comparative study in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients and healthy controls
Medişoğlu, Mahmut Sabri; Öçbe, Melisa
BACKGROUND: To evaluate the morphological characteristics of the pterygoid process - including pneumatization and sclerosis - alongside vidian canal (VC) type and length in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) compared to healthy controls using computed tomography (CT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study included 200 subjects, comprising 38 patients with histopathologically confirmed NPC and 162 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. All CT scans were acquired using a standardized protocol with thin-slice axial images and multiplanar reconstructions. Evaluated features included pterygoid process pneumatization and sclerosis, VC type (classified as Type 1-3), and VC length bilaterally. RESULTS: Pterygoid process pneumatization showed no statistically significant difference between the NPC and control groups (right: 21.1% vs 24.7%, p = 0.794; left: 21.1% vs 18.5%, p = 0.898). In contrast, right-sided pterygoid plate sclerosis was significantly more frequent in NPC patients (68.4%) than in controls (4.9%) (p < 0.005). Significant differences in VC types were found between groups. Type 3 canals were more common in NPC patients (right: 39.5%, left: 39.5%) than in controls (right: 21.0%, left: 23.5%), while Type 2 was reduced in the NPC group (right and left: 15.8%) vs controls (right: 33.3%, left: 34.6%); significant for both sides (right: p = 0.024; left: p = 0.038). VC length was also significantly greater in the NPC group (right: 14.18 mm; left: 13.08 mm) compared to controls (right: 12.25 mm; left: 12.35 mm). The VC length positively correlated with age (right: r = 0.267; left: r = 0.339). CONCLUSIONS: Sclerosis of the right pterygoid plate and an increased prevalence of Type 3 VCs were significantly associated with NPC. Anatomical variations in VC type and length may have diagnostic implications in radiological interpretation and radiotherapy planning in NPC patients.
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İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2026Scopus SJRQ1Multidimensional Evaluation of AI-Generated Patient Information on Cone Beam–Computed Tomography
Öçbe, Melisa; Akçay, Hülya Çerçi; Sır, Eda; Taş, Çağan; Erbalta, Rana
This study aimed to conduct a multidimensional evaluation of artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot–generated patient information regarding cone beam–computed tomography (CBCT) in dentistry, with specific focus on readability, informational quality, reliability, and patient-centered suitability. Twenty frequently asked, patient-oriented questions related to CBCT were systematically identified from a public online forum. Each question was submitted to four large language model–based chatbots (ChatGPT-4o, Gemini Advanced, Claude Sonnet 4, and Microsoft Copilot) under standardized conditions. Generated responses were evaluated using validated instruments, including the DISCERN tool and Global Quality Scale (GQS) for information quality and reliability, as well as Flesch Reading Ease, Flesch–Kincaid Grade Level, and Gunning Fog Index for readability. Patient-centeredness was further assessed using PEMAT-Understandability and PEMAT-Actionability scores. Comparative analyses were performed using linear mixed-effects models. Significant differences were observed among chatbots across all evaluated domains (p < 0.05). While advanced models demonstrated higher informational quality and reliability, their responses frequently exceeded recommended health literacy thresholds. Readability, transparency, and actionability varied substantially between platforms. No chatbot consistently met all criteria for optimal patient-directed communication. AI chatbots can provide generally accurate information on CBCT; however, variability in readability, reliability, and educational suitability limits their standalone use for patient education. Careful integration with professional oversight is essential to ensure safe and accessible AI-supported communication in dentomaxillofacial radiology. This study provides the first multidimensional, comparative evaluation of leading AI chatbots in delivering patient-oriented information about cone beam–computed tomography. It shows critical gaps between informational accuracy and health literacy suitability. This study reveals the need for professional oversight when using AI for patient education in dentomaxillofacial radiology.
- MakaleYayıncıda açık erişim2026Scopus SJRQ3Florid Cemento-Osseous Dysplasia of the Mandible: A Case Report with Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings and Conservative Management; [Displasia cemento-ósea florida de la nandíbula: Reporte de un caso con hallazgos en imagen por resonancia magnética y manejo conservador]
Samur, Mustafa Kaan; Öçbe, Melisa
Florid cemento-osseous dysplasia (FCOD) is a benign fibro-osseous lesion that often affects multiple regions of the mandible and maxilla and is usually detected incidentally. Although it is frequently asymptomatic clinically, complications such as pain and infection may develop in some cases. This case report presents in detail a case of FCOD identified in a 51-year-old female patient who presented with pain in the left mandibular region. Panoramic radiographs taken at different times and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings were used in the diagnostic process, and a definitive diagnosis was made based on clinical and radiological data. The patient was managed conservatively without the need for any invasive intervention. This case highlights the role of comprehensive imaging modalities in the differential diagnosis of florid cemento-osseous dysplasia and underscores the importance of conservative management strategies.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2026Scopus SJRQ2Morphologic variations of the sigmoid sinus on computed tomography: a classification-based study
Medişoğlu, Mahmut Sabri; Öçbe, Melisa
Purpose: The sigmoid sinus is a vital dural venous structure whose anatomical variability has direct implications for lateral skull base and otologic surgeries. Understanding the sinus’s positional variations is considered important for minimizing surgical risks. This study aimed to evaluate the morphological classification of the sigmoid sinus using a surgical reference-based system and to assess its relationship with demographic variables. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on high-resolution temporal bone CT scans of 241 patients (114 females [47.30%], 127 males [52.70%]) with an age range of 18–92 years (mean age: 47.95 ± 17.84). The morphology of the sigmoid sinus was classified into four types based on the system defined by Dong-Il Sun et al., using three anatomical reference lines. The width and depth of the sigmoid sinus were measured bilaterally and analyzed in relation to age and gender. Statistical analysis included paired tests for bilateral measurements, chi-square tests and ordinal logistic regression for associations with age and sex, and reliability assessment using Cohen’s kappa and intraclass correlation coefficients. Results: A total of 241 patients were included. Mean sigmoid sinus depth and width were 6.57 ± 1.73 mm and 14.55 ± 4.06 mm on the right, and 6.33 ± 1.52 mm and 15.18 ± 4.93 mm on the left, respectively. Left-sided width was significantly greater than the right (p < 0.05), whereas depth did not differ. Type 3 and Type 4 configurations predominated bilaterally; Type 1 was not observed. Age was significantly associated with left-sided sigmoid sinus type (p = 0.0048), with more medial configurations in older individuals. Ordinal regression showed decreasing odds of higher-type anatomy with increasing age (OR = 0.84 per decade). Gender was associated with left-sided type distribution but not independently predictive after adjustment. Inter- and intraobserver reliability was excellent. Conclusion: The positional morphology of the sigmoid sinus varies significantly with age and gender. The absence of Type 1 and predominance of high-risk configurations in younger individuals suggests the potential relevance of individualized preoperative assessment. This classification system may provide additional anatomical insight for radiologic evaluation; however, its direct impact on surgical decision-making requires further validation.
- MakaleYalnız künye2026Scopus SJRQ2Evaluating YouTube videos on oral potentially malignant disorders and oral cancer
Akçay, Hülya Çerçi; Kargu, Erdal Cem; Öçbe, Melisa
Background Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) are abnormalities with an elevated risk of transforming into oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Despite the visibility of early lesions, OSCC is frequently diagnosed at advanced stages due to low public awareness. YouTube offers potential for oral health education, but the reliability of OPMD-related content remains uncertain. Methods This study systematically assessed the content, reliability, and educational value of 100 English-language YouTube videos on OPMDs and oral cancer. Two independent evaluators analyzed videos using a 6-domain content rubric, JAMA benchmarks, DISCERN, and the Global Quality Scale (GQS). Inter-observer agreement was calculated. Results Of the 100 videos screened, 36 met inclusion criteria. The mean view count was 6,741.9 ± 14,315.5, with limited engagement (interaction index = 1.9 ± 2.3). The highest content scores were observed for Definition and Classification (4.47 ± 0.63) and Diagnostic Approaches (4.07 ± 1.05), while Patient Education ranked lowest (2.57 ± 1.09). Overall video quality was moderate (GQS = 2.94 ± 0.75; DISCERN = 47.29 ± 15.55; JAMA = 2.16 ± 0.67; VIQI = 14.13 ± 2.13). Strong correlations existed among quality indices (ρ = 0.70–0.75, P < .001), but engagement did not correlate with quality. Conclusions OPMD-related YouTube content frequently lacks comprehensive patient education, and credible sources are not always the most viewed. Developing accurate, accessible, and engaging educational videos remains essential.
AtıfScopus2WoS3OpenAlex2İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2026Scopus SJRQ4Radiologic-anatomical correlation of sphenoid sinus and sella turcica variations
Medişoğlu, Mahmut S.; Öçbe, Melisa; Genç, Mediha Gülden
The sphenoid sinus displays variable pneumatization patterns and complex morphology, situated near vital vascular and neural structures. Understanding its anatomical variations is essential for accurate radiological diagnosis and safe surgical planning in otolaryngology and neurosurgery. Different pneumatization types may influence surgical outcomes and complication risks. This retrospective study analyzed 408 CT scans from patients aged ≥18 years to assess sphenoid sinus pneumatization and morphometry. Pneumatization types were classified as conchal, presellar, incomplete sellar, and complete sellar. Morphometric parameters (width, height, and angle) were measured on sagittal CT images. Intraobserver reliability showed excellent agreement. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, ANOVA, t-tests, Pearson correlation, and Chi-square tests. Incomplete (41.42%) and complete sellar (40.44%) were the most frequent pneumatization types. Males had greater posterior wall width (p = 0.0008), and age positively correlated with width (p = 0.0125), height (p < 0.0001), and angle (p = 0.0068). Pneumatization types differed significantly by gender (p = 0.0439). Posterior wall height varied significantly across sphenoid sinus pathologies (p = 0.0024), with higher values in cases of polypoid tissue and cysts. Significant correlations existed between width and height (p = 0.0251), and width and angle (p = 0.0053). Incomplete sellar pneumatization was most common, with notable gender differences in type prevalence. While sellar morphometry correlated with age and gender, it was not associated with pneumatization types. Variations in posterior wall height across sinus pathologies may reflect anatomical variability, showing the importance of detailed imaging evaluation.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2025Oral health status and risk of potentially malignant lesions in patients with severe mental illnesses: a cross-sectional study
Cerci Akcay, Hulya; Öçbe, Melisa; Öçbe, Çetin Batuhan
Aims: Individuals with severe mental illness (SMI) experience disproportionately poor oral health due to behavioral, pharmacological, and systemic challenges. This study aimed to assess the oral health status of patients with SMI using the oral health assessment tool (OHAT) and the Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) Index, and to screen for oral potentially malignant lesions (OPMLs). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 60 patients registered at the Community Mental Health Center in Kocaeli, Turkiye. Comprehensive clinical examinations were performed using the Turkish version of the OHAT and the DMFT Index. The presence of OPMLs was also recorded. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, independent t-tests for gender comparisons, and Pearson correlation analyses to explore associations between age, OHAT, and DMFT scores. Results: Participants (mean age: 47.6±11.5 years; 65% female) had a mean OHAT score of 9.15±2.39 and a mean DMFT score of 13.5±7.00. No significant gender differences were observed in total OHAT or DMFT scores. However, females had significantly more filled teeth than males (3.08±2.04 vs. 1.57±1.80; p=0.006). Age was moderately correlated with OHAT (r=0.318, p=0.013) and strongly correlated with DMFT (r=0.449, p<0.001). OHAT and DMFT scores were also significantly correlated (r=0.502, p<0.001). Fifteen soft tissue lesions were detected, including leukoplakia, lichen planus, and angular cheilitis. Discussion: This study showed a high burden of oral disease and soft tissue lesions among patients with SMI, exceeding levels reported in non-psychiatric and geriatric populations. The findings emphasize the need for interdisciplinary care models incorporating routine dental screening, preventive interventions, and education within mental health services.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2025Metabolic imaging of head and neck lesions: Differentiating dental and maxillofacial conditions using positron emission tomography/computed tomography
Medişoğlu, M.Sabri; Öçbe, Melisa
Aim: Fluorine-18-labeled fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) is an essential oncologic imaging modality, but its uptake patterns may also be seen in benign inflammatory or structural oral conditions, leading to diagnostic confusion. This study aims to compare metabolic activity with maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) among common dento-maxillofacial conditions---dental artifacts, periodontal infections, maxillary sinus pathologies, and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders---against confirmed malignant lesions, to guide differential diagnosis and improve clinical interpretation. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 FDG-PET/CT scans were retrospectively analyzed. Inclusion criteria comprised pre-treatment scans with available CT or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) acquired within four weeks. Patients were categorized into five groups: Dental Artifacts (n=19), Periodontal Infections (n=23), Maxillary Sinus Pathologies (n=21), TMJ Pathologies (n=19), and Malignant Dento-maxillofacial Lesions (n=18; control group). All scans were reviewed by an oral and maxillofacial radiologist and a radiologist. SUVmax were calculated using a 42% threshold. Statistical analyses were conducted using Kruskal-Wallis and MannWhitney U tests with Bonferroni correction. Results: Significant differences in SUVmax were observed across all groups (χ² = 77.4, p<0.000001). The malignant lesion group demonstrated the highest metabolic activity (mean SUVmax = 12.5 ± 3.0), significantly greater than all other groups (p<0.000001). Among nonmalignant conditions, maxillary sinus pathologies showed the highest SUVmax (4.2 ± 1.0), followed by periodontal infections (3.5 ± 0.8). TMJ pathologies and dental artifacts exhibited the lowest FDG uptake (2.0 ± 0.6 and 2.5 ± 0.7, respectively), suggesting minimal metabolic activity. Conclusion: This study confirms that malignant dento-maxillofacial lesions exhibit significantly higher FDG uptake compared to inflammatory and mechanical conditions. Understanding these uptake patterns is crucial to avoiding false-positive interpretations, especially in oncologic patients. Multimodal imaging and interdisciplinary evaluation are recommended for accurate differentiation of dental and maxillofacial pathologies in FDG-PET/CT interpretation.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2025An underrecognized aspect of oncology care: temporomandibular joint evaluation in patients with head and neck cancer
Medişoğlu, M.Sabri; Öçbe, Melisa; Öçbe, Çetin Batuhan
Aims: This study aimed to evaluate and compare temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc position and condylar morphology on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) images of patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) and healthy controls, to determine the prevalence and coexistence of soft-tissue and osseous alterations and to explore their potential clinical relevance. Methods: In this retrospective case-control study, 145 HNC patients and 147 controls that underwent standardized maxillofacial CT and MRI. Anterior disc displacement (ADD) was defined on mid-sagittal MRI; condylar morphology (normal, flattening, erosion, osteophyte) was classified on sagittal CT. Results: Two hundred ninety-two individuals were analyzed (HNC 49.7%). Age was similar (mean difference -3.11 years; p=0.097; Mann-Whitney p=0.0737). ADD prevalence was higher in HNC: right 49.0% vs 37.4% (RD +11.6 percentage points [pp]; RR 1.31; χ² p=0.046), left 52.4% vs 32.7% (RD +19.8 pp; RR 1.61; χ² p=0.00064), and any ADD 60.7% vs 46.9% (RD +13.8 pp; RR 1.29; χ² p=0.018); significance was retained after Holm–Bonferroni adjustment. Condylar morphology distributions differed on both sides (right χ² p=9.6×10-⁵; left p=8.1×10-¹⁰), driven by more erosion in HNC (right 26.9% vs 11.6%; left 27.6% vs 13.6%). “Any condylar pathology” was more frequent in HNC (93.8% vs 85.7%; RD +8.1 pp; OR 2.52; χ² p=0.023; Fisher p=0.033). ADD showed no lateral preference within groups (McNemar p>0.30). Controls, but not HNC patients, exhibited right-greater-than-left discordance for “any condylar pathology” (McNemar p=2.5×10-⁵ vs 1.000). Conclusion: HNC is associated with a high burden of TMJ abnormalities; particularly ADD and an erosive change in condyle; consistent with treatment- and disease-related vulnerability of joint tissues. Providing TMJ assessment into HNC imaging, coupled with early jaw-mobilization and masticatory-muscle–sparing strategies, may help preserve function.
- Derleme MakaleAçık Erişim2025Scopus SJRQ2Advancements in the MRI technology for identification of dentomaxillofacial pathologies
Öçbe, Melisa
The high-resolution imaging capabilities of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) make it highly suitable for visualizing a wide range of dentomaxillofacial pathologies, including tumors, inflammatory conditions, and vascular abnormalities. This review focuses to the role of MRI in imaging head and neck pathologies, highlighting its advantages over traditional radiodiagnostics in dentistry. MRI's ability to detect periapical lesions, differentiate between various cysts and tumors, and assess the characteristics of odontogenic and non-odontogenic lesions is discussed. Special consideration is given to the differentiation of odontogenic keratocysts and ameloblastomas, as well as the evaluation of odontogenic fibromas and myxomas using dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI. Additionally, the review explores the potential of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values in distinguishing benign from malignant lesions, emphasizing the significance of these techniques in characterizing salivary gland tumors. Future advancements in MRI technology, including the application of high-field MRI and radiomics, are also considered. Radiomics, driven by artificial intelligence, offers a promising approach to extracting quantitative features from medical images, potentially enhancing the accuracy of diagnosis and prognosis in oral cancer. The review concludes by underscoring the transformative impact of MRI in dentomaxillofacial radiodiagnostics, advocating for its broader adoption in clinical practice to improve diagnostic accuracy and patient outcomes.
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İncele - Editöre MektupYalnız künye2025Scopus SJRQ1Family Medicine Residents' Competency to Manage Oral Lesions: An Educational Intervention
Öçbe, Çetin Batuhan; Öçbe, Melisa; Akman, Mehmet
AtıfScopus1WoS1OpenAlex2İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2025Scopus SJRQ2Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Submental and Masticatory Muscle Morphology and Its Relationship with Temporomandibular Joint Structures
Öçbe, Melisa; Medişoğlu, Mahmut Sabri
Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the submental and masticatory muscles in patients of different age groups using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) methods, and investigate potential associations between muscle morphology, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) structures, and disc displacement. Materials and Methods: A total of 185 MRI scans were retrospectively analyzed to assess the thickness of the digastric, geniohyoid, mylohyoid, medial pterygoid, masseter, and lateral pterygoid muscles bilaterally. TMJ hard tissue changes were classified using computed tomography (CT). Correlations between muscle thickness and TMJ structures were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficients, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. Results: The study population included 110 females and 75 males, with a mean age of 50.08 ± 20.15 years. The largest age group was 51–75 years (41%), followed by 18–35 years (28%). Significant correlations were observed between muscle thickness and TMJ structures as follows: Right digastric muscle showed a significant association with right disc–condyle position (p = 0.02). Right mylohyoid muscle exhibited a strong correlation with right disc–condyle position (p = 0.004). Left medial pterygoid muscle was significantly correlated with left condyle pathology (p = 0.02). Left masseter muscle showed a significant correlation with left condyle pathology (p = 0.014). Condylar flattening was the most frequent pathology, observed in 58% of right condyles and 53% of left condyles. Disc displacement was present in 41% of right TMJs and 34% of left TMJs. Conclusions: This study highlights the important associations between masticatory and submental muscle morphology and TMJ structures, suggesting that muscle function may play a role in condylar positioning and disc alignment. These findings emphasize the need for comprehensive muscle evaluation in TMJ disorder (TMD) diagnosis and treatment planning.
AtıfScopus2WoS2OpenAlex2İncele - Derleme MakaleAçık Erişim2025Scopus SJRQ2The evolving role of MRI in dentomaxillofacial diagnostics: a comprehensive review
Öçbe, Melisa
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has emerged as a pivotal diagnostic tool in dentomaxillofacial radiology, surpassing conventional imaging techniques by offering superior contrast resolution for soft tissue lesions without the use of ionizing radiation. This comprehensive review explores the expanding applications of MRI in dentistry, highlighting its integration into routine diagnostic protocols and its significance in the evaluation of oral and maxillofacial structures. The article delves into the physics of MRI, detailing the various sequences such as Spin Echo (SE), Gradient Echo (GRE), and Short-Tau Inversion Recovery (STIR), each tailored for specific diagnostic needs. Advanced techniques like Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI and Diffusion-Weighted Imaging (DWI) are discussed for their roles in assessing tissue perfusion and differentiating between benign and malignant lesions. The review emphasizes the necessity of appropriate coil selection and parameter optimization to enhance image quality, particularly in dental applications where artifacts from restorative and prosthetic materials can pose challenges. Furthermore, the article addresses the utility of MRI in visualizing dental hard tissues, the temporomandibular joint, and neurovascular structures, providing a comprehensive overview of its diagnostic capabilities. The integration of MRI into global health systems and the role of Personal Electronic Health Records in reducing redundant imaging are also examined. Conclusively, the review underscores the transformative impact of MRI on dentomaxillofacial diagnostics, advocating for its broader adoption in clinical practice to facilitate accurate diagnosis and effective treatment planning.
AtıfScopus8OpenAlex4İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2025Scopus SJRQ2Multimodal Imaging of the Nasopalatine Canal: Morphometric Characteristics and Signal Intensity Assessment
Öçbe, Melisa; Medişoğlu, Mahmut Sabri
Objective: – The nasopalatine canal (NPC) is an essential anatomical structure in the anterior maxilla, linking the nasal and oral cavities. Its morphology is critical for oral surgery, anesthesia, and implant planning. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the NPC by combining computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assess canal morphology and signal characteristics. Methods: – A total of 346 CT and MRI images from patients aged 18 years and older (173 males, 173 females; mean age 53.35 ± 19.8 y) were analyzed. Axial and coronal MRI and sagittal CT sections were evaluated for canal shape, number, length, and signal intensity. Results: – The mean lengths of the incisive and nasopalatine foramina were found as 6.66 ± 2.2 mm and 3.2 ± 1.5 mm, respectively. Axial canal shapes were predominantly round or oval (63.01%), while 47.69% exhibited a Y-shaped configuration in the coronal plane. Anterior tooth loss was present in 39.5% of patients and was significantly associated with changes in foramen dimensions (P < 0.001). The mean FLAIR T2 MRI signal intensities for the incisive and nasopalatine foramina were 643.64 ± 246.38 and 585.46 ± 214.27, respectively. Diagnostic thresholds for normal signal intensity were calculated as 1.136 for the incisive foramen and 1.013 for the nasopalatine foramen. Conclusions: – These findings suggest that FLAIR T2 MRI signal intensity may serve as a diagnostic marker for NPC assessment. Furthermore, anterior tooth loss appears to influence the dimensions of the incisive foramen. Future studies should validate these MRI thresholds and explore longitudinal changes in NPC morphology.
AtıfScopus2WoS2OpenAlex2İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2025Scopus SJRQ1An overlooked connection: oral health status in patients with chronic diseases
Öçbe, Melisa; Çelebi, Elif; Öçbe, Çetin Batuhan
Background: Oral and systemic health are closely linked. Chronic diseases like diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and hypertension increase the risk of dental caries, periodontal disease and tooth loss. Moreover, poor oral health can worsen the status of systemic diseases. Despite this, oral health is often overlooked in chronic disease management. This study aimed to evaluate the oral health status of patients with chronic diseases (PWCD) compared to healthy controls using DIMF-T and DMF-S indices. Methods: This retrospective study included 205 participants (106 PWCD and 99 healthy controls) attending the Oral Diagnosis & Radiology outpatient clinic at Bahçeşehir University Dental Hospital. Comprehensive intraoral and radiological examinations assessed caries lesions, missing teeth, filled teeth, periodontal disease, denture usage, and the prevalence of apical osteitis, soft tissue lesions, and intraosseous lesions. Oral health status was quantified using DIMF-T and DMF-S indices. Statistical analyses were conducted to identify differences between groups. Results: The study group (PWCD) exhibited significantly higher median values for missing teeth (MT), decayed surfaces (DS), missing surfaces (MS), DIMF-T, and DMF-S indices compared to the control group (p < 0.001). Chronic periodontitis was more prevalent in PWCD (76.42%) than in controls (45.45%), while gingivitis was more common in the control group (52.53%, p < 0.001). Medication use for systemic diseases was strongly associated with poor oral health outcomes (p < 0.001). However, no significant differences were observed between the groups for decayed teeth (DT), hopeless teeth (IT), or filled teeth (FT). Conclusions: PWCD demonstrated worse oral health outcomes compared to healthy controls, highlighting the need for integrated oral and systemic healthcare strategies. Dental professionals should be careful in identifying oral conditions that may signal underlying systemic diseases. Future research should explore the integration of oral health evaluations into routine medical screenings and examine the global practices of oral health management in PWCD.
AtıfScopus19WoS15OpenAlex21İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2025Scopus SJRQ4Computed Tomographic Analysis of Anterior Clinoid Process Morphology and Pneumatization
Medişoğlu, M.Sabri; Öçbe, Melisa
The anterior clinoid process (ACP) is a critical anatomical landmark for skull base surgery. Pneumatization of the ACP can affect surgical planning and outcomes. Morphometric evaluation provides essential data for safer interventions. A total of 154 CT images from individuals aged 1–79 years were retrospectively analyzed. ACP pneumatization types (Type 0–3), bilateral height and width, and inter-ACP distance were evaluated. Morphometric values were stratified by age and gender. Among 154 patients, 54.5% were female and 45.5% male. Pneumatization was more common in males, with statistically significant differences observed for both left (p < 0.001) and right (p = 0.021) sides. ACP widths showed a moderate positive correlation with age. Males had wider ACPs, whereas females had greater ACP heights. Logistic regression indicated male gender and younger age as predictors of ACP pneumatization. ACP pneumatization is significantly influenced by gender but not by age. Morphometric differ ences exist between sexes and age groups. Knowledge of these variations is essential for minimizing intraoperative complications during skull base surgeries.
AtıfScopus1İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2025Scopus SJRQ1Exploring the potential of interdental brush in oral cytology: a pilot study on sampling efficiency
Çelebi, Elif; Öçbe, Melisa; Sinanoğlu, Enver Alper; Tekkeşin, Merva Soluk
Background: With the renewed interest in brush biopsies, particularly for screening oral potentially malignant disorders and cancers, understanding the efficacy of available brush types in oral cytology is crucial. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of interdental brush sampling with commonly used cytology brushes in oral cytology evaluation. Methods: The study design was an observational clinical study. Brush biopsies were collected from the buccal mucosa of 99 healthy volunteers using an Interdental Brush- TePe Original Interdental Brush (TePe, Malmö, Sweden) (Cell sampling-Interdental Brush (CSIB)), Cytobrush Plus GT (Medscand Medical AB, Sweden) (Cell sampling device 1 (CSD1)), and CervexBrush (Rovers, Oss, Netherlands) (Cell sampling device 2 (CSD2)). Samples were evaluated for cellularity, depth of the epithelial layer, and cellular integrity. Results were compared between brush types using the Friedman test, and multiple comparisons were examined using the Dunn test. The significance level was set at p < 0.05. Results: Of the 99 cases, 59.6% were female and 40.4% were male, with a prevalence of smoking and alcohol consumption at 43.4%. The mean age was 24.3 years (± 4.5). There were no significant differences in cellularity between the brush types (p = 0.205). Mild cellularity was observed at rates of 3%, 9.1%, and 9.1% for CSD1, CSIB, and CSD2, respectively. Parabasal/basal layer cells were detected in 1% of samples collected with CSD1 and 4% with CSD2, while CSIB samples contained only superficial/intermediate cells. CSIB produced an inadequate integrity rate of 30.3%, whereas neither CSD2 nor CSD1 yielded samples with inadequate integrity. Conclusions: Interdental brushes may have potential as accessible and practical tools for chairside cytological screening. The CSIB obtained high-cellularity samples; however, it demonstrated low scores in cellular integrity. Future oral cytological studies may explore the modifications in interdental brush design to improve its potential in sampling for cell preservation and integrity.
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