Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2026/r/kostu/10860
  In silico biochemical de novo drug design of valproic acid derivatives to suppress cancerous dna: comprehensive molecular docking, molecular dynamics, 1 h nmr, adme

  Acar, Esra; Issa, Ghassan; Agar, Soykan; Gökoluk, Erkan; Giglou, Erfan Akhavan; Şimşek, Dilruba

  Objective: This comprehensive in silico computational and theoretical biochemistry/organic chemistry research study covers the inhibition methodologies of 1-BNA, which is an essential template for cancer- suppressing research. By disrupting the minor groove domain binding site of the DNA template 1-BNA dodecamer, three de novo drug candidate molecules via derivatization of anti-epileptic valproic acid (VPA) drug were designed. Methods: Calf thymus DNA (ct-DNA) sequence d(CGCGAATTCGCG)2 dodecamer (PDB ID: 1BNA) was obtained from the Protein Data Bank to study. Molecular docking simulations, the most updated docking programs of AutoDock Vina and PyRx were utilized. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and Absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) analyses were employed by Schrödinger’s Desmond software. Results: Thorough in silico results of three new derivatized analogues of VPA showed that chloro-derivatized analogue with its -9.6 kcal/mol docking score and 297.2 µM inhibition constant (IC) has a much better indication in the suppression where isopropyl and fluoro derivatized analogues possess -9.1 kcal/mol docking score with 483.8 µM IC and - 8.3 kcal/mol docking score with 896.2 µM IC respectively compared to the results of pristine VPA’s -8.2 kcal/mol docking score with 863.6 µM IC. Along with the detailed ADME results, isopropyl and chloro- derivatized ligands prove their worth of being a new drug candidate. Conclusion: All results proved that the de novo derivatives of VPA illustrate better docking scores (better suppression) along with better ICs and oral absorption percentage values, meaning that the analogues possess better indications compared to pristine VPA toward the suppression of cancerous cell template DNA.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2026/r/kostu/10859
  Suppressing breast cancer via 2KS1 protein using biochemical de novo drug design and repurposing of valproic acid derivatives with better indications: comprehensive molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, 1H nmr, and admet estimations

  Agar, Soykan

  Objective: This comprehensive in silico computational and theoretical biochemistry/organic chemistry research study covers the inhibition methodologies of 2KS1, which is an essential template for breast cancer-suppressing research. Methods: To block the active site domain binding site of this protein, three de novo designed organic molecules by derivatizing Valproic Acid (VPA) were studied. Pharmacological organic chemistry effects of these analogues were enhanced to suppress 2KS1 better. The most recent molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD), Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR), and Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity (ADMET) values showed that the derivatives of VPA exhibit better docking scores along with lower (better) inhibition constants and higher oral absorption percentage values compared to pristine VPA, meaning that the analogues possess better indications/pharmacological profiles. Results: The new drug candidate derivatives showed approximately 50 to 200 times inhibition constant efficiency (1/50th to 1/200th of the dose usage) in the affinity and suppression capability compared to pristine VPA. Conclusion: Being able to conduct such a crucial cancer study proves the fact that this study sheds light on the potential of new highly efficient drug molecules for future studies in terms of in vitro and in vivo for the suppression of breast cancer disease.

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• Editöre MektupYalnız künye2026/r/kostu/10855
  Beyond metabolic syndrome: the association of mets-ir, tyg index, and epicardial adipose tissue with subclinical atherosclerosis in different vascular beds

  Coşkun, Şenol

  We sincerely thank Dr. Didar Mirzamidinov for his constructive and detailed evaluation of our article. The observations provided highlight the strengths of our study and draw attention to some important methodological issues. We have addressed each point in turn below.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2026/r/kostu/10852
  Non-kardiyak cerrahi uygulanacak hastalarda preoperatif brain natriüretik peptid seviyeleri komplikasyonları öngördürür mü?

  Coşkun, Şenol; Sahin, Tayfun; Mirzamidinov, Didar; Boyacı, Ali

  Amaç: Bu çalışmada nonkardiyak orta-yüksek riskli hastalarda preoperatif BNP seviyelerinin postoperatif komplikasyonları öngörmedeki etkinliğini araştırmayı planladık. Yöntem: Kocaeli Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi’ne bir yıl içinde başvuran, cerrahi kliniklerinde orta ve yüksek riskli cerrahi operasyon amacıyla yatırılan ve ameliyat öncesi kardiyak değerlendirme kapsamında beyin natriüretik peptid (BNP) ölçümü yapılan toplam 102 hasta çalışmaya dâhil edildi. Hastaların intraoperatif ve postoperatif dönemlerdeki takipleri kaydedildi; postoperatif dönemde gelişen komplikasyonlar ile taburculuk sonrası 6 aylık izlem süresinde meydana gelen klinik olaylar değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Kalp yetersizliği öyküsü olanlarda (n = 26) BNP değeri anlamlı olarak daha yüksekti (920±1128 pg/ml, 274±522 pg/ml p<0,001). Hastane içi (n=10) ve toplam ölüm (n=21) ile preoperatif yüksek BNP değerinin (p=0,009, p<0,001) anlamlı derecede ilişkili olduğu saptandı. Sonuç: Preoperatif BNP kalp yetersizliği olsun veya olmasın tüm hastalarda postoperatif kalp yetersizliği gelişimi, hastane içi ölüm, hastane içi toplam olay ve altıncı aydaki toplam ölümü ön gördürebilir.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2026/r/kostu/10851
  Plant-derived extracellular vesicles improve endothelial viability and reduce cytotoxicity under oxidative stress

  Duman, Büşra Öncel; Gacar, Gülçin; Halbutogullari, Zehra Seda Unal; Yılmaz, Yağmur; Somuncu, Nisan; Kir, Ramazan; Sağlam, Özlem

  Objective: Endothelial dysfunction is a central feature of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases and is closely linked to oxidative stress–induced cellular injury. Excessive reactive oxygen species production disrupts endothelial viability, membrane integrity, and redox balance. Plant-derived extracellular vesicles (PD-EVs) have emerged as biocompatible nanovesicles with antioxidant potential; however, their effects on endothelial cells under oxidative stress remain insufficiently characterized. This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of PD-EVs on endothelial cells exposed to hydrogen peroxide–induced oxidative stress. Methods: Extracellular vesicles were isolated from pomegranate, grape, and beetroot using differential ultracentrifugation and characterized by protein quantification, dynamic light scattering, and electron microscopy. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and subsequently treated with individual or combined PD-EVs. Cell viability and cytotoxicity were assessed using CCK-8 and LDH assays. Antioxidant responses were evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR analysis of GPX1 gene expression. Results: PD-EVs displayed nanoscale size and morphology consistent with extracellular vesicles. H₂O₂ exposure significantly reduced HUVEC viability and increased LDH release. PD-EV treatment significantly improved cell viability and reduced cytotoxicity under oxidative stress, with beetroot-derived and combined EV formulations showing the strongest effects. GPX1 expression was suppressed by H₂O₂ but significantly restored following PD-EV treatment, indicating activation of an adaptive antioxidant response. Conclusion: Plant-derived extracellular vesicles attenuate oxidative endothelial injury by improving cell viability, preserving membrane integrity, and restoring GPX1-associated antioxidant defenses. These findings highlight PD-EVs as a promising biocompatible, cell-free strategy for protecting endothelial cells against oxidative stress.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2026/r/kostu/10836
  Investigation of pathogenic contamination on toy materials through microbiological and structural characterization approaches

  Acar, Esra; Issa, Ghassan; Aksu, Harun; Altuner, Elif Esra; Aldemir, Ozan

  Objective: Toys in kindergartens are frequently exposed to environmental contaminants and hand contact, making them potential reservoirs for pathogenic microorganisms. Children, with developing immune systems, are particularly vulnerable to infections. This study aimed to detect Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and coliform bacteria on toys and to characterize toy materials using FTIR, XRD, and SEM. Methods: Swab samples were collected from toy surfaces under aseptic conditions and transported under cold-chain conditions. Samples were homogenized in buffered peptone water and serially diluted. Coliforms were detected on VRB and BGBLB media, E. coli on TBX medium, and S. aureus on Baird-Parker Agar with Egg Yolk Tellurite. Identification was confirmed via Gram staining, catalase, DNase, hemolysis, and carbohydrate fermentation tests. FTIR assessed functional groups, XRD examined crystalline structures, and SEM observed surface morphology related to microbial adhesion. Results: Bacteriological analysis showed Staphylococcus spp. (35.33%), S. aureus (5%), E. coli (1%), and coliforms (3.66%). FTIR revealed diverse polymeric structures, XRD showed varying crystallinity, and SEM indicated heterogeneous surface roughness and irregular microstructures facilitating bacterial adhesion. Conclusion: Combining microbiological analyses with FTIR, XRD, and SEM provides a comprehensive method for assessing contamination risks. Kindergarten toys can harbor potentially pathogenic microorganisms, and the structural characteristics of toy materials significantly influence microbial persistence.

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• MakaleYalnız künye2026/r/kostu/10827
  Ambulans çalışanlarında ergonomik risk faktörleri, antropometrik özellikler ve kas iskelet sağlığı arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi

  Buket, Rende; Dırmıkcı, Simge

  Amaç: Bu çalışma, 112 Acil Sağlık Hizmetlerinde görev yapan ambulans çalışanlarının antropometrik özellikleri ile çalışma ortamına ilişkin ergonomik faktörlerin kas-iskelet sistemi sağlığı üzerindeki etkilerini iş sağlığı ve güvenliği perspektifinden değerlendirmek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tipte planlanan araştırma, Kocaeli’de görev yapan 55 ambulans çalışanı (33 erkek, 22 kadın) ile yürütülmüştür. Veriler, Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Cornell Kas-İskelet Sistemi Rahatsızlık Anketi (CKİSRA) ve Acil Yardım Ambulanslarının Ergonomik Açıdan Değerlendirme Envanteri (AYAEADE) kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Katılımcıların boy uzunluğu, vücut ağırlığı ile üst ve alt ekstremite uzunlukları ölçülmüştür. İstatistiksel analizlerde Kolmogorov-Smirnov ve Shapiro-Wilk normallik testleri, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, Dunn ve Spearman korelasyon analizleri uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Katılımcıların %76,4’ü çalışma ortamını ergonomik açıdan yetersiz olarak değerlendirmiştir. CKİSRA sonuçlarına göre kas-iskelet sistemi yakınmaları en sık boyun, sırt ve omurga bölgelerinde görülmüştür. Kadın çalışanlarda boyun, sırt, sağ omuz, sağ el bileği, sağ üst ekstremite ve omurga toplam skorları erkeklere göre anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksektir (p<0,05). Cornell toplam skoru kadınlarda daha yüksek olmasına rağmen fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değildir (p>0,05). AYAEADE sonuçları ambulansların ergonomik uygunluk düzeyinin orta seviyede olduğunu göstermiştir. Antropometrik ölçümler ile CKİSRA veya AYAEADE puanları arasında anlamlı ilişki saptanmamıştır (p>0,05). Sonuç: Ambulans çalışanlarının önemli ergonomik risklere maruz kaldığı ve çalışma ortamındaki ergonomik yetersizliklerin kas-iskelet sistemi sağlığını olumsuz etkileyebileceği belirlenmiştir. Bulgular, özellikle kadın çalışanların daha yüksek kas- iskelet sistemi yakınmaları bildirdiğini ve ambulans tasarımında çalışanların antropometrik özelliklerinin dikkate alınmasının önemini ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışan sağlığını desteklemek amacıyla ergonomik düzenlemeler ve koruyucu iş sağlığı ve güvenliği uygulamalarının yaygınlaştırılması önerilmektedir.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2025/r/kostu/10901
  Beyond metabolic syndrome: the relationship of mets-ir, tyg index, and epicardial adipose tissue with subclinical atherosclerosis in different vascular beds

  Coşkun, Şenol

  Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between metabolic insulin resistance indicators (METS-IR and TyG index) and the amount of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT), with subclinical atherosclerosis markers such as coronary artery calcium (CAC) and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT). Methods: Retrospective data from 108 patients evaluated for suspected coronary artery disease were analyzed. METS-IR and TyG scores were calculated using laboratory and anthropometric data. EAT thickness and volume were measured by computed tomography. CAC score and carotid IMT were assessed using standard methods. Correlations and multivariate regression analyses were used to examine associations, and ROC analysis was performed to evaluate diagnostic performance. Results: Epicardial fat thickness (AUC=0.802) and volume (AUC=0.781) showed high discriminative power in predicting the presence of CAC. A threshold value of 5.9 mm for EAT thickness provided 75% sensitivity and 71% specificity. The METS-IR score was independently associated with both CAC (AUC=0.670) and carotid IMT, while the TyG index showed only a weak association with CAC (AUC=0.661). In multivariate analyses, EAT measurements and METS-IR scores were significantly associated with subclinical atherosclerosis markers, independent of conventional risk factors. Conclusion: METS-IR, TyG, and particularly epicardial fat measurements appear to be potential biomarkers for the early detection of subclinical atherosclerosis. Integration of these parameters into individualized cardiovascular risk assessments should be supported by further studies.

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• Derleme MakaleAçık Erişim2025/r/kostu/10899
  Potential use of quantum imaging and artificial intelligence technologies in neurosurgery

  Turan, Yahya; Caliskan, Ayfer

  This study examines the current status and potential future areas of use of artificial intelligence and quantum technologies in neurosurgery within a conceptual framework. Artificial intelligence is widely used, especially in the analysis of imaging data, surgical planning and intraoperative decision support systems, and is rapidly being integrated into clinical practices. Quantum imaging technologies, on the other hand, attract attention with their capacity to provide higher resolution and lower radiation dose, but are currently limited to experimental and pilot studies. The study reveals that artificial intelligence and quantum technologies have complementary properties in neurosurgery; it shows that hybrid approaches such as quantum artificial intelligence can increase clinical success by increasing accuracy, speed and predictive capacity in diagnosis and treatment processes. In addition, it is emphasized that elements such as ethical responsibilities, user education and interdisciplinary collaboration are of critical importance in the clinical integration of these technologies. As a result, artificial intelligence and quantum technologies are seen as important tools that will shape the future surgical practices in neurosurgery.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2024/r/kostu/10934
  The effects of attitudes towards anatomy course on exam anxiety of university students in health fields

  Tekin, Ayla; Buket, Rende

  Objective: Aim of our study is to get students' opinions about anatomy education, to determine their attitudes towards course, and to investigate these attitudes’ effects on exam anxiety. Methods: Descriptive study population was conducted with 648 student participants studying at Faculty of Dentistry and Health Sciences and Vocational School in Kocaeli Health and Technology University, 2022-2023 academic year. 63 multiple-choice questions were asked to students within scope of 3 different evaluation elements, namely Personal Data Form, Attitude Scale Regarding Anatomy Course and Exam Anxiety Scale. It was aimed to determine students’ opinions and attitudes about anatomy course and their effect on exam anxiety. Results: In our study, it was observed that there was a significant difference between Attitude Scale Towards Anatomy Course and age, class and preferring to department willingly variables (p<0.05). No significant difference was found between gender and education level, and levels of attitude towards anatomy course and exam anxiety (p>0.05). There was a significant difference between anxiety levels in the Exam Anxiety Scale and preferring to class and department willingly variable (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our study shows that the factors affecting students' attitudes towards the anatomy course and exam anxiety levels are variables such as age range, class level and the status of coming to the department willingly. In this context, in order to develop a positive attitude towards the anatomy course and to reduce exam anxiety, it is recommended to organize the course content in accordance with the learning levels, to strengthen the teacher-student interaction and to use interactive learning methods. The results of this research may contribute to the effective design and implementation of the information given in anatomy education by supporting healthcare professionals to have higher academic success and to continue their professional practice in a more qualified manner.

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  AtıfOpenAlex1

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